Jacques d'Avesnes, Seigneur d'Avesnes^{[1, 2]}

1150 - 1191  (~ 41 years)

• Name	Jacques d'Avesnes
  		Crusaders First (1095–1099); Second (1147–1149); Third or the Kings' Crusade (1189–1192); Forth (1202–1204); Fifth (1213–1221); Sixth (1228); Barons' (1239); Seventh (1248-1254); Eighth (1270); and Ninth (1271-1272).
  Suffix	Seigneur d'Avesnes
  Born	ca. 1150
  Gender	Male
  Arrival	ca. 10 Sep 1189	Acre, Israel
  	"Likened by one contemporary to 'Alexander, Hector and Achilles', a skilled veteran in the art of war and politics of power, James had been one of the first western knights to take the cross in November 1187." [3]
  		Siege of Acre The seige of Acre (August 28, 1189 to July 12, 1191) was the focal point of the Third Crusade. After his release by Saladin, King Guy of Jerusalem led an expedition from Tyre, stationing his meager force on the high ground of Mount Torn just outside the port city of Acre. From this small beginning Guy's numbers began to swell as the western contingents sailed in. Saladin squandered an opportunity to break the cordon on 4 Oct 1189 after a Latin advance lost formation to loot the Abuyyid camp. News of Barbarossa imminent approach then resulted in a cautious division of Abuyyid forces to meet the northern threat. With the arrival of Richard and Philip Augustus in the summer of 1191, the balance swung decisively in the favor the Latins. The city was surrendered, 12 Jul 1191. It would remain in Christian hands until overrun by the Mamluks, 18 May 1291.
  Died	7 Sep 1191	Arsuf, Israel   [4, 5]
  		Battle of Arsuf and the First Jerusalem Campaign On 22 Aug 1191, Richard marched his army out of Acre, bound for Jaffa. Saladin shadowed Richard to the Rochetaille River and then moved his army into position to block Richard's advance. Richard managed to maintain formation nearly to Arsulf as he moved through the attacking Ayyubids; however, the rearguard of Hospitallers finally lost patience and wheeled about, breaking ranks. This was not the charge that was planned but Richard was now committed. Saladin was defeated in a rout. Jaffa was occupied on 10 Sep 1191. In anticipation of Richard's next move, Saladin razed Ascalon. But Richard also found his strategic plans to cut Saladin's lines of communication with Egypt trumped by the expectations of his army: they wanted to be in the Holy City by Christmas. Unable to keep his army in winter quarters just outside of Jerusalem, Richard retired with a much reduced force to Ascalon.
  Person ID	I19419	Dickinson
  Last Modified	8 Nov 2017

  
  

  Family	Adeline de Guise,   d. After 1200
  Married	ca. 1163
  Children	+ 1. Gauthier II d'Avesnes, Seigneur d'Avesnes,   d. ca. 1146
  Last Modified	13 Oct 2017
  Family ID	F6066	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

• Event Map		Arrival - ca. 10 Sep 1189 - Acre, Israel Died - 7 Sep 1191 - Arsuf, Israel  = Link to Google Earth
  Pin Legend	: Address       : Location       : City/Town       : County/Shire       : State/Province       : Country       : Not Set

  
  

• Sources

  [S336463] Medieval Lands: A prosopography of medieval European noble and royal families, Charles Cawley, (Online: The Foundation for Medieval Genealogy at http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/, 20XX), "JACQUES d'Avesnes ([1150]-killed in battle Arsuf, Palestine 7 Sep 1191)" at http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/HAINAUT.htm#WautierIIAvesnesdied12431246. [S336470] Wikipedia, (Online: https://en.wikipedia.org), "James of Avesnes" at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_of_Avesnes. [S420] The Crusades: The Authoritative History of the War for the Holy Land, Thomas Asbridge, (New York: HarperCollins, 2010), 401. [S420] The Crusades: The Authoritative History of the War for the Holy Land, Thomas Asbridge, (New York: HarperCollins, 2010), 474. [S359] The Templars: The Rise and Spectacular Fall of God's Holy Warriors, Dan Jones, (New York: Viking, 2017), 186.